Which are the symptoms of Laryngomalacia?

Symptoms of Laryngomalacia

Laryngomalacia is a common congenital condition that affects the larynx, or voice box, in infants. It is characterized by the abnormal softening of the tissues in the larynx, leading to partial collapse of the airway during breathing. This can result in a variety of symptoms, which can vary in severity from mild to severe. It is important to note that not all infants with laryngomalacia will experience all of these symptoms, and the severity of symptoms can differ from case to case.

1. Noisy Breathing

One of the most common symptoms of laryngomalacia is noisy breathing, also known as stridor. This is caused by the partial collapse of the airway during inhalation, resulting in a high-pitched, wheezing sound. The noise is typically more noticeable when the baby is active or crying, and may improve when the baby is calm or lying on their stomach.

2. Retractions

Retractions occur when the muscles between the ribs and in the neck pull inward during breathing. In infants with laryngomalacia, retractions may be more pronounced due to the increased effort required to breathe. You may notice the skin between the ribs or above the collarbone sinking in with each breath.

3. Difficulty Feeding

Some infants with laryngomalacia may have difficulty feeding. This can be due to the increased effort required to breathe while feeding, as well as the potential for the collapsed airway to interfere with swallowing. Symptoms of feeding difficulties may include choking, gagging, or frequent pauses during feeding.

4. Poor Weight Gain

Due to the challenges associated with feeding, infants with laryngomalacia may experience poor weight gain. This can be a cause for concern and may require close monitoring by a healthcare professional to ensure adequate nutrition and growth.

5. Cyanosis

In severe cases of laryngomalacia, infants may experience cyanosis, which is a bluish discoloration of the skin and mucous membranes. Cyanosis occurs when there is a lack of oxygen in the blood, and it can be a sign of significant airway obstruction. If you notice your baby turning blue or having difficulty breathing, seek immediate medical attention.

6. Gastroesophageal Reflux (GERD)

GERD, or acid reflux, is a common comorbidity in infants with laryngomalacia. The partial collapse of the airway can lead to increased pressure in the abdomen, which can contribute to the reflux of stomach acid into the esophagus. Symptoms of GERD may include frequent spitting up, irritability, and discomfort during or after feeding.

7. Struggling to Sleep

Infants with laryngomalacia may have difficulty sleeping due to the noisy breathing and potential discomfort associated with the condition. They may be restless, wake frequently, or have difficulty settling down for sleep.

8. Failure to Thrive

In severe cases of laryngomalacia, where feeding difficulties and poor weight gain persist, infants may experience failure to thrive. This is a condition characterized by inadequate growth and development, and it requires prompt medical attention to address the underlying causes.

If you suspect that your baby may have laryngomalacia or if they are experiencing any of these symptoms, it is important to consult with a healthcare professional for a proper diagnosis and appropriate management. While laryngomalacia can be concerning for parents, it is generally a self-limiting condition that improves over time as the tissues in the larynx mature.