Dermatillomania, also known as excoriation disorder or skin picking disorder, is a mental health condition characterized by repetitive and compulsive picking of the skin, resulting in tissue damage. It is important to note that only a qualified healthcare professional can diagnose dermatillomania. Diagnosis typically involves a comprehensive assessment that includes the following:
A healthcare provider will begin by taking a detailed medical history, including any previous or current medical conditions, medications, and family history of mental health disorders. This information helps rule out any underlying medical conditions that may be causing or contributing to the skin picking behavior.
A physical examination is conducted to assess the extent of skin damage caused by the picking behavior. The healthcare provider will examine the affected areas of the skin, looking for signs of scarring, infection, or other complications resulting from the skin picking.
The healthcare provider will evaluate the symptoms and behaviors exhibited by the individual against the diagnostic criteria outlined in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5). Dermatillomania is classified as an obsessive-compulsive and related disorder in the DSM-5. The diagnostic criteria include recurrent skin picking resulting in skin lesions, repeated attempts to stop or reduce the behavior, and significant distress or impairment in daily functioning.
A psychological assessment is often conducted to evaluate the individual's mental health and to rule out other psychiatric disorders that may be present. This may involve interviews, questionnaires, and psychological tests to assess the severity of symptoms, associated anxiety or depression, and any co-occurring disorders.
The healthcare provider will assess the duration and impact of the skin picking behavior on the individual's life. Dermatillomania is typically diagnosed when the picking behavior causes significant distress, impairs daily functioning, and persists for a minimum of 12 weeks.
It is crucial to differentiate dermatillomania from other conditions that may present with similar symptoms. The healthcare provider will consider other skin disorders, such as dermatitis or psoriasis, as well as other psychiatric disorders, such as body dysmorphic disorder or trichotillomania (hair-pulling disorder).
Diagnosing dermatillomania often involves collaboration between healthcare professionals, such as dermatologists, psychologists, and psychiatrists. This interdisciplinary approach ensures a comprehensive evaluation and appropriate treatment planning.
It is important to seek professional help if you suspect you or someone you know may have dermatillomania. A proper diagnosis is essential for developing an effective treatment plan and managing the condition.