Diagnostic criteria (DSM-5)
The American Psychiatric Association’s Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition (DSM-5), places trichotillomania in the category of obsessive-compulsive and related disorders and notes that it is characterized by recurrent body-focused repetitive behavior (hair pulling) and repeated attempts to decrease or stop the behavior. The behavior can occur during both relaxed and stressful times, but there is often a mounting sense of tension before hair pulling occurs or when attempts are made to resist the behavior.
The specific DSM-5 criteria for trichotillomania (hair-pulling disorder) are as follows [8] :
Recurrent pulling out of one’s hair, resulting in hair loss
Repeated attempts to decrease or stop the hair-pulling behavior
The hair pulling causes clinically significant distress or impairment in social, occupational, or other important areas of functioning
The hair pulling or hair loss cannot be attributed to another medical condition (eg, a dermatologic condition)
The hair pulling cannot be better explained by the symptoms of another mental disorder (eg, attempts to improve a perceived defect or flaw in appearance, such as may be observed in body dysmorphic disorder)