Is Benign Hereditary Chorea BHC contagious?

Benign Hereditary Chorea (BHC) is not contagious; it is a genetic movement disorder and cannot be spread through touch, proximity, or any form of physical contact. There is absolutely no risk of infection to family members, caregivers, or friends when interacting with someone living with Benign Hereditary Chorea.

What causes Benign Hereditary Chorea?

Benign Hereditary Chorea is caused by a genetic mutation, most commonly in the NKX2-1 gene. Because it is an inherited condition rather than an infectious one, it originates from the DNA passed down through families. It is a non-progressive or slowly progressive neurological condition characterized by involuntary, jerky movements (chorea) that typically appear in early childhood.

Why is Benign Hereditary Chorea sometimes misunderstood?

The involuntary movements associated with Benign Hereditary Chorea can sometimes be misinterpreted by those unfamiliar with the condition. Because the movements are sudden and repetitive, individuals may incorrectly fear that the condition is related to a virus or a neurological infection. However, Benign Hereditary Chorea is strictly a neurodevelopmental disorder, and there are no environmental triggers—such as bacteria or viruses—that cause the onset of the disease.

How is this condition inherited?

Benign Hereditary Chorea follows an autosomal dominant inheritance pattern. This means:

• Only one copy of the altered gene is needed to cause the condition.


• Each child of an affected parent has a 50% chance of inheriting the mutation.


• It is present from birth, even if symptoms are not immediately apparent.

Addressing stigma and social contact

It is crucial to emphasize that living with or caring for someone with Benign Hereditary Chorea poses zero health risk to others. There is no stigma associated with the condition that is rooted in medical fact; the movements are purely a result of the underlying genetic mutation affecting the brain's basal ganglia.

Next steps

• Consult with a clinical geneticist to discuss family planning and inheritance patterns.


• Visit DiseaseMaps.org to connect with others who understand the day-to-day reality of this condition.


• Work with a movement disorder specialist or neurologist to manage symptoms effectively.

Medical disclaimer: This information is for educational purposes only and does not replace professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment.

References

• NIH Genetic and Rare Diseases Information Center (GARD): Benign Hereditary Chorea.


• Orphanet: Benign Hereditary Chorea (ORPHA:1395).


• Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man (OMIM): #118700 (CHOREA, BENIGN HEREDITARY).