Short answer · Medically reviewed summary · Last updated: 2026-05-08
Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) is a condition characterized by the gradual, progressive loss of kidney function over time, which impairs the body’s ability to filter waste and excess fluids from the blood. While it can lead to end-stage renal disease, early detection and management can significantly slow the progression of Chronic Kidney Disease and improve quality of life. What happens to the body during Chronic Kidney Disease? The kidneys act as the body’s filtration system.
What is Chronic Kidney Disease
What is Chronic Kidney Disease? Plain-language, medically reviewed definition plus the lived reality told by patients.
Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) is a condition characterized by the gradual, progressive loss of kidney function over time, which impairs the body’s ability to filter waste and excess fluids from the blood. While it can lead to end-stage renal disease, early detection and management can significantly slow the progression of Chronic Kidney Disease and improve quality of life.
What happens to the body during Chronic Kidney Disease?
The kidneys act as the body’s filtration system. In Chronic Kidney Disease, the nephrons—the tiny filtering units within the kidneys—become damaged and cannot effectively clear waste products or balance electrolytes. This affects the cardiovascular, skeletal, and endocrine systems, leading to complications such as high blood pressure, anemia, and weakened bones. Currently, 37 members of the DiseaseMaps community are navigating their journey with Chronic Kidney Disease.
How is Chronic Kidney Disease classified?
Medical professionals classify Chronic Kidney Disease into five stages based on the Estimated Glomerular Filtration Rate (eGFR), which measures how well the kidneys filter blood:
- Stage 1: Kidney damage with normal or high eGFR (≥90 mL/min/1.73m²).
- Stage 2: Mild decrease in eGFR (60–89 mL/min/1.73m²).
- Stage 3: Moderate decrease in eGFR (30–59 mL/min/1.73m²).
- Stage 4: Severe decrease in eGFR (15–29 mL/min/1.73m²).
- Stage 5: Kidney failure (eGFR <15 mL/min/1.73m²), often requiring dialysis or a transplant.
Who is typically affected by this condition?
Chronic Kidney Disease is a global health concern affecting approximately 10% of the world’s population. While it can affect anyone, it is most common in individuals over the age of 65. The two leading causes of Chronic Kidney Disease are diabetes and hypertension, though genetic factors and autoimmune diseases also play significant roles in its development.
Next steps
- Schedule an appointment with a nephrologist to assess your kidney function through blood and urine tests.
- Monitor your blood pressure and blood sugar levels consistently to protect your renal health.
- Join the DiseaseMaps.org community to connect with others living with Chronic Kidney Disease.
- Consult with a registered dietitian specializing in renal health to manage your sodium and protein intake.
Medical disclaimer: This information is for educational purposes only and should not replace professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment.
References
- National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (NIDDK)
- NIH Genetic and Rare Diseases Information Center (GARD)
- National Kidney Foundation (NKF)
- World Health Organization (WHO) Chronic Kidney Disease Fact Sheet
