Short answer · Medically reviewed summary · Last updated: 2026-05-08
Hydrocephalus is a medical condition characterized by the abnormal accumulation of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) within the brain's ventricles, often historically referred to as "water on the brain." While the term Hydrocephalus is the universally accepted clinical name, it is categorized in various ways, such as communicating or non-communicating, depending on the underlying cause of the fluid obstruction. What are the common synonyms for Hydrocephalus? In medical literature, Hydrocephalus is rarely referred to by other names, though you may encounter older or descriptive terms. The archaic term "water on the brain" is still occasionally used in lay language but is clinically inaccurate.
Hydrocephalus synonyms
Other names for Hydrocephalus: synonyms, acronyms and related terms used by doctors and patients.
Hydrocephalus is a medical condition characterized by the abnormal accumulation of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) within the brain's ventricles, often historically referred to as "water on the brain." While the term Hydrocephalus is the universally accepted clinical name, it is categorized in various ways, such as communicating or non-communicating, depending on the underlying cause of the fluid obstruction.
What are the common synonyms for Hydrocephalus?
In medical literature, Hydrocephalus is rarely referred to by other names, though you may encounter older or descriptive terms. The archaic term "water on the brain" is still occasionally used in lay language but is clinically inaccurate. Historically, some sources referred to it as "internal hydrocephalus" or "external hydrocephalus" based on the location of the fluid, though these terms are now largely obsolete in modern practice. In the DiseaseMaps community, where 247 members connect, the term Hydrocephalus remains the primary identifier used for diagnosis and support.
How is Hydrocephalus classified in medical systems?
Medical professionals classify Hydrocephalus based on the mechanism of fluid flow. Common classifications include:
- Communicating Hydrocephalus: CSF flows out of the ventricles but is not properly reabsorbed.
- Non-communicating (Obstructive) Hydrocephalus: A physical blockage prevents CSF from flowing between the ventricles.
- Normal Pressure Hydrocephalus (NPH): A specific type usually affecting older adults, characterized by a triad of gait disturbance, urinary incontinence, and dementia.
- Ex-vacuo Hydrocephalus: Occurs when brain tissue shrinks due to injury or disease, causing the ventricles to appear enlarged.
Why does this condition have multiple descriptors?
The variety of terms associated with Hydrocephalus exists because the condition is a symptom of many different underlying pathologies rather than a single disease entity. Because Hydrocephalus can be caused by tumors, infections, genetic mutations, or developmental issues, clinicians often append descriptive terms to clarify the specific presentation. The official coding systems, such as the ICD-11 (International Classification of Diseases), use Hydrocephalus as the primary heading, which is the standard terminology used by physicians globally to ensure accurate medical record keeping.
Next steps
- Consult with a neurosurgeon to determine the specific classification of your Hydrocephalus diagnosis.
- Visit DiseaseMaps.org to connect with the 247 community members who share lived experiences with this condition.
- Request a referral to a genetic counselor if you suspect a hereditary component to your or your child's Hydrocephalus.
Medical disclaimer: This content is for informational purposes only and does not constitute medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment; always seek the guidance of a qualified healthcare provider.
References
- NIH Genetic and Rare Diseases (GARD) Information Center: Hydrocephalus
- Orphanet: Rare Disease Database (ORPHA:397)
- OMIM (Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man): Hydrocephalus Entry #236600
- Hydrocephalus Association: Understanding Hydrocephalus
