Short answer · Medically reviewed summary · Last updated: 2026-05-08
Lynch syndrome, formerly known as Hereditary Non-Polyposis Colorectal Cancer (HNPCC), is a genetic condition that increases the risk of various cancers, particularly colorectal cancer. While "Lynch syndrome" is the current preferred clinical term, you may encounter it under several historical or descriptive aliases in older medical records or research literature. Why does Lynch syndrome have multiple names? The naming of Lynch syndrome has evolved alongside our understanding of its genetic basis.
Lynch Syndrome synonyms
Other names for Lynch Syndrome: synonyms, acronyms and related terms used by doctors and patients.
Lynch syndrome, formerly known as Hereditary Non-Polyposis Colorectal Cancer (HNPCC), is a genetic condition that increases the risk of various cancers, particularly colorectal cancer. While "Lynch syndrome" is the current preferred clinical term, you may encounter it under several historical or descriptive aliases in older medical records or research literature.
Why does Lynch syndrome have multiple names?
The naming of Lynch syndrome has evolved alongside our understanding of its genetic basis. Historically, it was referred to as HNPCC because it was identified by the absence of numerous polyps (adenomas) typically seen in other hereditary cancer syndromes. As researchers discovered that Lynch syndrome is caused by germline mutations in mismatch repair (MMR) genes—specifically MLH1, MSH2, MSH6, and PMS2—the medical community shifted toward using the name of the physician, Dr. Henry Lynch, who first characterized the condition. Using the eponymous name Lynch syndrome is now standard, as it more accurately reflects the systemic nature of the cancer risks beyond just the colon.
What are the common synonyms and classifications?
When searching for information or reviewing your health history, you may see Lynch syndrome referred to by the following terms:
- Hereditary Non-Polyposis Colorectal Cancer (HNPCC): The most common historical synonym.
- Lynch Syndrome Type I: Historically used when the syndrome presented primarily with colon cancer.
- Lynch Syndrome Type II: Historically used when the syndrome involved extracolonic cancers (such as endometrial or ovarian).
- Mismatch Repair Cancer Syndrome: A descriptive, modern term based on the underlying genetic mechanism.
How is Lynch syndrome identified in medical databases?
For official documentation, medical professionals use specific classification systems to ensure consistency. Lynch syndrome is indexed in global databases under the following identifiers:
- OMIM: #120435 (Lynch Syndrome)
- Orphanet: ORPHA144
- ICD-10: Z80.0 (Family history of malignant neoplasm of digestive organs) and specific codes for the resulting malignancies.
Next steps
- Consult a genetic counselor to confirm your specific gene mutation status.
- Connect with the 79 members of our Lynch syndrome community at DiseaseMaps.org to share experiences.
- Request your medical records from your provider to ensure they reflect the current diagnosis of Lynch syndrome for proper screening protocols.
Medical disclaimer: This information is for educational purposes only and does not replace professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment.
References
- National Institutes of Health (NIH) GARD: Lynch Syndrome Information Page
- Orphanet: Rare Disease Database (ORPHA144)
- Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man (OMIM): Entry #120435
- Lynch Syndrome International: Patient Advocacy and Clinical Resources
