What is Non-Hodgkin's lymphoma

Non-Hodgkin's lymphoma is a diverse group of blood cancers that originate in the lymphatic system, specifically when white blood cells called lymphocytes grow abnormally and form tumors. While it can occur at any age, it is most frequently diagnosed in adults over the age of 60, and treatment plans vary significantly based on the specific subtype and how quickly the cancer cells are growing.

What is Non-Hodgkin's lymphoma?

Non-Hodgkin's lymphoma is a malignancy that begins in the lymphocytes, a type of white blood cell that is part of the body's immune system. These cells travel through the lymphatic system—a network of vessels and nodes—and when they become cancerous, they can accumulate in lymph nodes or other organs, such as the spleen, liver, or bone marrow, disrupting the body’s ability to fight infection.

How is Non-Hodgkin's lymphoma classified?

Because Non-Hodgkin's lymphoma is not a single disease, physicians classify it into dozens of subtypes based on whether the cancer involves B-cells or T-cells and how aggressive the cells appear under a microscope. The two primary categories include:

• Indolent (slow-growing) lymphomas: These progress slowly and may not require immediate treatment, often managed with a "watch and wait" approach.


• Aggressive (fast-growing) lymphomas: These develop and spread quickly, requiring prompt and intensive medical intervention.

Who is typically affected by Non-Hodgkin's lymphoma?

In the United States, the lifetime risk of developing Non-Hodgkin's lymphoma is approximately 1 in 41. It is more common in men than in women and the risk increases with age, with a median age of diagnosis around 67 years. While the exact cause remains unknown for most patients, factors such as immune system suppression, certain viral infections (like Epstein-Barr), and exposure to specific chemicals are recognized as potential risk factors for developing Non-Hodgkin's lymphoma.

How does it differ from other cancers?

Unlike solid tumors that originate in organs like the lungs or breast, Non-Hodgkin's lymphoma is a systemic cancer of the immune system. It is distinct from Hodgkin lymphoma primarily by the absence of "Reed-Sternberg" cells, which are the hallmark of the latter. At DiseaseMaps.org, 96 community members have shared their experiences with Non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, highlighting the importance of personalized care plans.

Next steps

• Consult with a hematologist-oncologist to determine your specific subtype.


• Request a biopsy report review to confirm the exact classification of your Non-Hodgkin's lymphoma.


• Connect with the 96 members in our DiseaseMaps community to share experiences and coping strategies.


• Inquire with your medical team about current clinical trials if standard treatment options are not effective.

Medical disclaimer: This information is for educational purposes only and does not constitute professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment; always seek the advice of your physician regarding a medical condition.

References

• NIH National Cancer Institute (NCI): Adult Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma Treatment (PDQ®)


• American Cancer Society: Key Statistics for Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma


• Lymphoma Research Foundation: Understanding Lymphoma Basics


• Orphanet: Rare Disease Database