Which are the symptoms of C3 Glomerulopathy C3G?

Symptoms of C3 Glomerulopathy (C3G)

C3 Glomerulopathy (C3G) is a rare kidney disorder that affects the glomeruli, which are the tiny blood vessels in the kidneys responsible for filtering waste and excess fluid from the blood. C3G is characterized by abnormal deposits of a protein called C3 in the glomeruli, leading to inflammation and damage to the kidneys.

The symptoms of C3G can vary from person to person, and some individuals may not experience any symptoms at all. However, when symptoms do occur, they typically include:

• Proteinuria: One of the hallmark symptoms of C3G is the presence of excess protein in the urine. This occurs because the damaged glomeruli are unable to properly filter protein, leading to its leakage into the urine. Proteinuria may cause foamy or frothy urine.



• Hematuria: Another common symptom is the presence of blood in the urine. Hematuria can range from microscopic amounts of blood that can only be detected under a microscope to visible blood that gives the urine a pink, red, or cola-colored appearance.



• Edema: Many individuals with C3G may develop swelling, particularly in the legs, ankles, feet, and around the eyes. This swelling, known as edema, occurs due to the impaired kidney function, which leads to fluid retention in the body.



• High blood pressure: C3G can also cause hypertension (high blood pressure). The damaged glomeruli disrupt the normal regulation of blood pressure, leading to its elevation. High blood pressure can further damage the kidneys and increase the risk of cardiovascular complications.



• Decreased kidney function: As C3G progresses, the kidneys may gradually lose their ability to filter waste and excess fluid from the blood. This can result in decreased kidney function, leading to symptoms such as fatigue, weakness, loss of appetite, and weight loss.



• Renal impairment: In some cases, C3G can lead to renal impairment or kidney failure. This occurs when the kidneys are no longer able to adequately perform their vital functions. Renal impairment may require dialysis or kidney transplantation to sustain life.

It is important to note that the symptoms of C3G can overlap with other kidney disorders, making it challenging to diagnose based on symptoms alone. Therefore, a comprehensive evaluation including medical history, physical examination, laboratory tests, and kidney biopsy is often necessary to confirm the diagnosis of C3G.

If you suspect you or a loved one may have C3 Glomerulopathy, it is crucial to consult with a healthcare professional for proper evaluation, diagnosis, and management of the condition.