Is Relapsing Polychondritis contagious?

Relapsing polychondritis is not contagious and cannot be spread from person to person through touch, saliva, or any other form of contact. It is a chronic autoimmune condition where the body’s immune system mistakenly attacks its own healthy cartilage, meaning there is zero risk to family, friends, or caregivers when interacting with a patient.

What causes Relapsing Polychondritis?

The exact cause of Relapsing Polychondritis remains unknown, but it is classified as a systemic autoimmune disease. In people with Relapsing Polychondritis, the immune system becomes overactive and triggers inflammation in cartilaginous tissues throughout the body, including the ears, nose, and respiratory tract. It is not caused by bacteria, viruses, or fungi, and therefore, it cannot be transmitted to others.

Why is there confusion about contagion?

Because Relapsing Polychondritis can cause visible inflammation—such as swollen, red, or "cauliflower" ears—those unfamiliar with the condition may mistakenly fear it is an infectious rash or skin condition. This stigma can be isolating for patients. It is vital to understand that the redness and swelling associated with Relapsing Polychondritis are internal inflammatory responses, not signs of an infection that could spread to others.

What are the primary triggers for Relapsing Polychondritis?

While the disease is not triggered by external germs, research suggests that flares of Relapsing Polychondritis may be influenced by various factors. Understanding these can help manage the condition:

• Physical or emotional stress: Significant life stressors can sometimes precede a flare.


• Systemic inflammation: Because it is an autoimmune process, other inflammatory conditions can occasionally coexist.


• Environmental factors: While not fully understood, some patients report that specific environmental stressors impact their symptom severity.

Next steps

• Consult a board-certified rheumatologist to manage your treatment plan, which may include corticosteroids or immunomodulators.


• Connect with the 468 members of the DiseaseMaps.org community living with Relapsing Polychondritis to share experiences and reduce feelings of isolation.


• Educate family and friends about the autoimmune nature of Relapsing Polychondritis to dispel myths about contagion.

Medical disclaimer: This content is for informational purposes only and does not constitute professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment; always seek the advice of your physician or other qualified health provider with any questions regarding a medical condition.

References

• NIH Genetic and Rare Diseases Information Center (GARD): Relapsing Polychondritis


• Orphanet: Relapsing Polychondritis (ORPHA:2908)


• OMIM (Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man): Relapsing Polychondritis entry


• Relapsing Polychondritis Foundation: Patient Education Resources