Which are the symptoms of Trachoma?

Symptoms of Trachoma

Trachoma is a highly contagious bacterial infection that primarily affects the eyes. It is caused by the bacterium Chlamydia trachomatis and is one of the leading causes of preventable blindness worldwide. The infection is commonly found in areas with poor sanitation and limited access to clean water.

Trachoma typically progresses through several stages, each with its own set of symptoms. It is important to recognize these symptoms early on to seek appropriate medical treatment and prevent further complications.

Stage 1: Active Trachoma

In the initial stage, known as active trachoma, individuals may experience the following symptoms:

• Eye redness: The whites of the eyes appear red and inflamed.


• Eye discharge: A sticky discharge, often containing mucus or pus, is present.


• Eye irritation: The eyes may feel itchy, gritty, or painful.


• Increased tear production: Excessive tearing or watery eyes are common.


• Swollen eyelids: The eyelids may become swollen and tender.

Stage 2: Trachomatous Conjunctival Scarring

If left untreated, active trachoma can progress to the second stage, known as trachomatous conjunctival scarring. During this stage, the following symptoms may occur:

• Formation of scar tissue: The repeated infections cause the inner surface of the eyelids to develop scar tissue.


• Distorted eyelid position: The scarring may cause the eyelids to turn inward or outward, leading to eyelashes rubbing against the cornea.


• Eye pain: The cornea may become damaged, resulting in pain and discomfort.


• Blurred vision: Scarring and corneal damage can cause vision impairment and blurred vision.

Stage 3: Trachomatous Trichiasis

In the third stage, called trachomatous trichiasis, the eyelashes turn inward and rub against the cornea, leading to more severe symptoms:

• Intense eye pain: The constant rubbing of the eyelashes against the cornea causes severe pain and irritation.


• Corneal abrasions: The cornea may develop scratches or abrasions, increasing the risk of infection.


• Photophobia: Individuals may become sensitive to light, experiencing discomfort in bright environments.


• Decreased vision: The continuous corneal damage can result in significant vision loss or even blindness.

It is crucial to note that trachoma is a preventable and treatable condition. Early detection and appropriate medical intervention can help prevent the progression of the disease and its associated complications. If you or someone you know experiences any of the aforementioned symptoms, it is essential to seek medical attention promptly.